Endocrine system also composed of thyroid gland. It is a hefty endocrine gland situated in the base of the neck and has a comparable form to that of the butterfly. It is divided into two lobes connected by isthmus bridge. (Gerald Tortora, et. Al.)
The thyroid gland is accountable for the production of two hormones namely thyroid hormone and calcitonin. According to Bishop et. al. calcitonin is secreted by parafollicular C cells and involved in the calcium homeostasis while on the other hand the thyroid hormone is for regulating body metabolism, neurologic development and numerous other body functions. It is concerned with regulation of the metabolic rate by the secretion of thyroid hormone which is stimulated by the thyroid stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland and requires trace amount of iodine. The recommended minimum intake of iodine is 150 ug/day and below 50 ug/day results to inadequate production of thyroid hormone leading to hypothyroidism.
Thyroid cells are organized into follicles. Follicles are sphere thyroid cells adjoining core of a viscous substance called colloid. The major component of colloid is thryglobulin which is manufactured by thyroid follicular cells.
The two active forms of thyroid hormone are the triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4) which are then secreted into the circulation.
Test for Thyroid Evaluation
TSH
It is the most useful test assessing thyroid function.
Serum T3 and T4
It is measured by radioimmunoassay, chemuluminometer assay and immunometric techniques.
Thyroglobulin
It is an ideal tumor marker for thyroid cancer patients
Thyroid Autoimmunity
It uses bioassay to determine the presence of autoimmune hyperthyroidism.
Clinical Significance
Hypothyroidism
It is diagnosed by a low free T4 level which is often associated with enlargement of thyroid gland also known as goiter.
Thyrotoxicosis
It is a result of excessive thyroid hormone ingestion or leakage of stored thyroid hormone from storage.
Grave’s Disease
It is an autoimmune disease in which antibodies are produced that activates the TSH receptor.
References:
Clinical Chemistry 5th Edition
Michael C. Bishop, et. al.
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 11th Edition
Gerald J. Tortora
Bryan Derrickson
Gerald J. Tortora
Bryan Derrickson
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hi nera:) i love your post. very informative, i love the way you composed your article. keep it up! looking forward to your next post.
ReplyDelete♥
nera, this post is totally great. hope that you make more post like this. totally great.
ReplyDeletehey... its amazing!
ReplyDeletekeep it up!
how are U?
This is a very good topic and you got me reading the first few paragraphs, but I missed some key points.
ReplyDeleteFor the med tech level of this post, I would like to have read how the samples were extracted, prepared and analyzed. Maybe you can update that portion.
Also, it was nice to show the clinical significance of abnormal thyroid conditions, but you forgot to show the how the thyroid hormone levels of the remaining two diseases.
Overall: Interesting read. The blog theme and color works well.
Zorlone
Good work!
ReplyDeleteThe keywords in the information to your topic
for the readers to easily understand is there.
keep it up....=)
hello Dr. Z.. My topic is only the anatomy and physiology of the thyroid gland. The testing procedures are assigned to another student but thank you very much for your constructive criticism.
ReplyDeleteYou are very much welcome for the suggestions that I have pointed out. However, the grade that I have given you will stay the same.
ReplyDeleteIn anatomy, you should be able to show the relation of the thyroid gland to its adjacent organs. Provide measurements even ranges of sizes of a normal thyroid gland.
In physiology, it would be helpful to make a flow chart how these thyroid hormones were stimulated and how they would act on certain conditions.
Good luck with your next post!
Zorlone
Nera,
ReplyDeleteI have just talked to your teacher via text message. Any changes with your grade shall be handled by her.
Zorlone
nice work. it improved alot.
ReplyDeletegood work,
ReplyDeletewith those hyperlinks,
the topic will be more emphasize
i like how you used colors in your blog.. it is easy to read..
ReplyDeletethe topic was well explained..good job!
nice blog.... good work...
ReplyDeletenera. i like your post,
ReplyDeletethe post is well explained,i can get imformation.
keep it up..=)
very informative post you can add hyperlink for addition info but overall good job. keep it up
ReplyDelete